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Laboratory Safety

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Cells

This unit looks at the structure and function of cells followed by their organisation within organisms.

Week One

Expeiences and Outcomes

 Using a microscope, I have developed my understanding of the structure and variety of cells and their functions. SCN 3-13a
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Instruction on using the microscope.
Numeracy: determining the magnification through multiplying the magnification of the eyepiece and the objective lenses.
Determining the field of view by placing a ruler (mm) on the stage.
 
 
Preparing microscope slides – Onion epidermis.
Numeracy: estimating the length of onion cells by dividing the field of view by the number of cells across the diameter of the field of view.
 
Using the Bioviewers to compare cell types.
 
Drawing cells: General science skill of line drawings and neat labelling. Differentiation: Less able can label, more able can annotate.

ghs_s1_cells.pptx
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For cells flash media, click the icon:

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CheckList

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  • Prepare microscope slides and use the microscope
  • Draw and label a typical animal and plant cells
  • Identify types of cells and explain how their structures relate to functions

Week Two

Experiences and Outcomes

I have explored the structure and function of organs and organ systems and can relate this to the basic biological processes required to sustain life.    SCN 3-12a

Activities

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Characteristics of living things (MRS GREN or MR GRIEF)
 
In small groups, students can suggest which characteristic each letter represents.
 
Linking the organ systems to the characteristics above.
 
Grouping organs into organ systems.
 
Cells, tissues, organs, organ system hierarchy. Grouping words (sperm, muscle, skin, cardiovascular etc) into cells, tissues, organs, organ system.
 
Group flip chart labelled diagrams of the human body.
 
Flower dissection/anther squash.
ghs_s1_organs.pptx
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Jigsaw puzzle of the human body organs. Try to beat Mr Mann's time of 1:41.
​How many organs can you identify? Do you know their jobs?

S1 Cells Tissues Organs

S1 Cells Tissues Organs

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s1_cells_tissues_organs_wordsearch_edited-1.pdf
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For organ systems flash media, click the icon:

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Picture
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  • State the characteristics of living things
  • Group organs into organ systems and relate to the characteristics of living things
  • Organise examples into cells, tissues, organs and organ systems
  • Locate the main organs within the human body
  • Identify the main parts of a typical flower e.g. lilly

Week Three

Experiences and Outcomes

By researching, I can describe the position and function of the skeleton and major organs of the human body and discuss what I need to do to keep them healthy.    SCN 1-12a ​

Activities

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Types of joints – ball & socket, hinge, pivot and fused.
 
Describe the movements that each allow. Relate to types of levers.
 
Muscle pairs – antagonistic muscle pairs.
 
The model arm – Investigating the force needed to raise a load of a 1N load for a short 50cm arm and a long 100cm arm. With the force applied at the same distance from the pivot, the long arm will require a greater force. This requires model arms to be made up in advance with a simple hinge joint.

Fun Stuff

Complete the jigsaw to find the names of some of the bones of the skeleton.
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Checklist

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  • Outline the functions of the skeletons in terms of protection, support, movement and making blood
  • Draw and label  hinge joint
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Experiences and Outcomes

I have contributed to investigations into the different types of microorganisms and can explain how their growth can be controlled.    SCN 3-13b

Activities

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The role of micro-organisms in the food industry.
 
Cheese
Yogurt
Bread
Wine & Beer
 
Possible practical: Comparing the respiration of yeast in the fridge and room temperature using balloons on the test tubes as an indication of the amount of CO2 produced.
 
An alternative is the rising of dough in measuring cylinders but this requires ovens set at different temperatures and it is difficult to regulate the temperature of the school ovens.
 
http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/resource/res00001748/microbes-and-bread-making-using-yeast

"What are micro-organisms" flash media

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Checklist

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  • List the use of microorganisms in the food and drink industry
  • Investigate the effect of temperature on the metabolism of a micro-organism
  • Control variables within an investigation
  • Write a laboratory report according to normal conventions of aim, variables, method etc.

Week Four

Experiences and Outcomes

I have explored the structure and function of sensory organs to develop my understanding of body actions in response to outside conditions.    SCN 2-12b 

Activities

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Stimulus, receptors and sense organs. Match with lines.
 
The structure of the eye – limit to cornea, lens, retina and optic nerve.
 
Find the blind spot.
 
Benefit of binocular vision by catching a bounced ping pong ball – monocular/binocular
 
Investigating reaction times using a metre ruler graduated in seconds. Use sight/sound/touch – See Understanding science 2 Teacher’s Resource Book page 72

The Eye Flash Media:

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How to find the blind spot:

  1. To find your blind spot, take a piece of paper and draw a small X on the right side.
  2. Now, take your ruler and measure about 12cm to the left of the X.
  3. Draw a dot there about the size of a penny.
  4. Hold the paper in front of you and close your right eye. ...
  5. Slowly move the paper in front of you.
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Checklist

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  • Outline coordination within humans
  • Label the main parts of the eye
  • Show the importance of binocular vision in determining distance
  • Investigate reaction times

Week Five and Six

Experiences and Outcomes

By investigating the lifecycles of plants and animals, I can recognise the different stages of their development.    SCN 2-14a
I understand the processes of fertilisation and embryonic development and can discuss possible risks to the embryo.    
SCN 3-14a

Activities

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General life cycle of maturity- courtship & mating – fertilisation – embryo growth – birth (or hatching) – growth – maturity
 
Apply to fish, amphibians and birds – See Understanding Science 1  Teacher’s Resource Book page 99.
 
Male and female reproductive systems:
Male (testes/penis/sperm duct/seminal vesicles and protate)
Female (vagina/uterus/oviduct/ovaries)
 
Brief outline of copulation, fertilisation and implantation. Student need to be able to indicate where fertilisation and implantation occur on a diagram of the female reproductive system)
 
Video – The Miracle of Life. There are other options but this is the least likely to cause offence.
 
The foetus within the uterus and the role of the placenta. Limit to:
  • The placenta acts as a barrier to many diseases
  • Transfer of food and oxygen to the foetus
  • Removal of waste (urea and carbon dioxide)
Alcohol, drugs and chemicals from cigarettes can move across the placenta to the foetus.
 
The production of advisory posters for pregnant women.

The reproductive cycle flash media:

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Checklist

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  • List the 6 stages of the life cycles of organisms
  • Label diagrams of the human reproductive systems
  • Indicate the sites of fertilisation and implantation
  • State the function of the placenta 
  • Discuss the effects of life choices on the health of the unborn baby
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